CPC STUDY COURSE · 2026 EDITION
The biopsy lies inside the resection
Read an original fictional chart, identify the supported facts, and explain your coding workflow.
Chart gym · Original fictional record
Service date: 2026-09-09 · Medicare respiratory or cardiovascular professional service
Use your code books and write your reasoning before opening the walkthrough. This exercise contains no real patient information.
Clinical setting
A fictional adult undergoes surgery for a documented lesion in the right upper lobe of the lung. The surgeon obtains a biopsy from that lesion during the operation. The exercise concerns anatomical inclusion rather than a new diagnosis inferred by the coder.
Diagnostic sequence
The biopsy is examined during the operation and informs the decision to proceed with a larger resection. The report then documents removal of the right upper lobe, including the exact anatomical location from which the biopsy was taken.
Specimen map
The biopsy container and the later resection container have separate labels. Both labels identify tissue from the anatomical region removed in the completed resection. No biopsy of a separate unresected lung location is documented.
Coding issue
A proposed separate biopsy line is justified because the biopsy helped determine whether to proceed. The learner must apply the specific lung rule rather than assume that every decision-making biopsy is separately reportable. The complete operative entry remains an authorized-book lookup.
Your coding worksheet
- Map the biopsy site against the resection.
- Identify whether a different unresected location is supplied.
- Apply the organ-specific inclusion despite the diagnostic purpose.
- Explain why separate containers do not change the anatomical relationship.
In your notebook, record the supported facts, your index route, the instructions you checked, and any missing detail that limits your answer.
Compare with the worked explanation
- The biopsy site is included in the lung tissue removed by the more extensive procedure.
- There is no documented biopsy at a separate unresected location.
- NCCI C.21 includes the same-location biopsy even when it informs the decision for the resection.
- Container labels preserve specimen identity but do not override the same-resection inclusion.
Reference sections: C.21
Practice the linked chart questions
Review the lesson
Sources
- CMS — Medicare NCCI 2026 Chapter V: Respiratory, Cardiovascular, Hemic and Lymphatic Systems. 2026. Accessed 2026-09-10.